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Кортни Лав
Американская певица, 53 года
Вдова Курта Кобейна пережила нелегкие детство и юность. Когда Кортни было пять, ее родители развелись, а отца лишили родительских прав за то, что он давал дочери ЛСД. В девять лет Кортни поставили диагноз «легкая форма аутизма». Из-за буйного характера ей было нелегко найти язык с одноклассниками, у Кортни были проблемы с учебой, ее исключили из школы. В 14 лет она попала в исправительное учреждение для подростков за кражу футболки из магазина. Она подрабатывала диджеем, танцевала стриптиз, изучала богословие в ирландском Тринити-колледже, в середине 80-х начала сниматься в кино, затем основала рок-группу Hole, вышла замуж за лидера Nirvana и родила дочь. В 2012 году состоялся дебют Кортни-художницы. Коллекцию под названием «И она даже не милая» Кортни создала с помощью туши, пастели, акварели и цветных карандашей.
Казалось бы, для человека с аутизмом Кортни ведет очень активную публичную жизнь, но тексты ее песен (например, сингл R*tard Girl о застенчивой и неуклюжей девочке) и выбор киноролей (изможденная наркотической зависимостью Алсея в фильме Милоша Формана «Народ против Ларри Флинта») показывают, какую пропасть она ощущала между собой и большинством других людей.
Льюис Кэрролл
Британский писатель, 1832−1898
Крупным планом
Крупным планом
Абсурдный роман «Алиса в стране чудес» — книга эксцентричная и захватывающая, и создать ее мог только человек с особенным восприятием мира. Льюис Кэрролл имел выраженные признаки расстройства аутистического спектра: с детства ему было тяжело сходиться с людьми, он страдал отчаянной застенчивостью, которую усугубляло сильное заикание. Как у многих известных аутистов, у него были сильные способности к математике, которой он посвятил не один научный труд. Кроме того, писатель увлекался фотографией и шахматами.
Детство в семье приходского священника, учеба в грамматической частной школе и десятилетия холостяцкой жизни и работы в Оксфорде, смерть от бронхита в 65 лет — так вкратце можно пересказать биографию Кэрролла. Но, скорее всего, как у многих людей с РАС, жизнь классика со всеми приключениями и бурными переживаниями протекала по большей части в его внутреннем мире.
Энтони Хопкинс
Британский актер, 80 лет
В детстве Хопкинс страдал дислексией, учеба давалась ему тяжело, и он решил посвятил себя искусству, а встреча с голливудской звездой Ричардом Бертоном в 15 лет помогла ему определиться с выбором профессии. Диагноз «синдром Аспергера» актеру поставили довольно поздно — когда ему было за семьдесят. Энтони признается, что у него действительно немного друзей и он не жалует вечеринки, но ему очень нравится изучать поведение людей, а также детально разбирать мотивы поступков персонажей.
Дэрил Ханна
Американская актриса, 57 лет
В детстве актрисе поставили диагноз «аутизм», заменив его позже на «синдром Аспергера». Родителям Дэрил предлагали лечение девочки психотропными препаратами в специализированной клинике, но ее мать отказалась. Дэрил Ханна росла застенчивым ребенком и страдала бессонницей, из-за которой отчасти и заинтересовалась кино.
Несмотря на сильную неуверенность в себе и патологическую боязнь публики, часто вынуждавшие ее отказываться от участия в шоу и интервью, актриса сыграла в десятках картин и заработала восемь наград, среди которых две премии «Сатурн» и кинонаграда MTV. Свой диагноз Дэрил долгие годы скрывала от публики и продюсеров, рассказав о нем только в 2013 году. Она до сих пор не любит находиться в центре внимания, но, по собственному признанию, живет счастливо.
Дэвид Бирн
Американский музыкант, 66 лет
Запоминающийся голос, причудливая лирика и яркие выступления принесли фронтмену группы Talking Heads «Оскар», «Грэмми» и «Золотой глобус». Однажды критик Полин Кейл написала, что Дэвид обладает «замкнутым, бесплотным, фантастическим качеством, в котором есть что-то непостижимое и почти аутистическое». Как же она была близка к правде! В 2003 году, спустя 12 лет после распада группы, стало известно, что у Дэвида Бирна синдром Аспергера. Артист говорит, что музыка помогла ему преодолеть болезнь, хотя, по мнению специалистов, полностью излечиться от расстройств аутистического спектра невозможно. Тем не менее Дэвид живет активной жизнью, участвует в музыкальных проектах и увлекается велоездой.
Сьюзан Бойл
Шотландская певица, 57 лет
В 2009 году безработная шотландка стала сенсацией конкурса Britain’s Got Talent. В 2012 году в Великобритании поставили мюзикл I Dreamed A Dream, в основу которого легла история певицы.
Сьюзан родилась десятым ребенком в семье ирландских иммигрантов в Шотландии. Ей ошибочно поставили диагноз «повреждение мозга». Учеба в школе давалась тяжело, Сьюзан страдала от травли одноклассников. Шесть месяцев в должности повара-стажера — единственный опыт работы Сьюзан, которую не хотел принимать ни один работодатель. Ей приходилось жить на пенсию по инвалидности, а ее дееспособность признали неполной. Все эти годы Сьюзан мечтала стать певицей и даже пыталась участвовать в музыкальных конкурсах, но попытки заканчивались неудачами. Однако она не сдавалась — трудности, с которыми она сталкивалась с детства, закалили ее характер.
Выступив в апреле 2009 года на шоу талантов, Сьюзан тронула сердца жителей Британии. С тех пор она выпустила семь альбомов, сыграла в фильме «Рождественская свеча» и стала одной из самых популярных (и богатых) певиц в мире. В 2013 году ей наконец поставили верный диагноз — «синдром Аспергера». Певица, с рождения носившая ярлык «умственно отсталой», почувствовала облегчение. Конечно, Сьюзан и сейчас бывает нелегко: ей приходится бороться с гневом, депрессией и тревожностью, но артистка признается, что ей стало легче принимать себя.
Донна Уильямс
Артистка из Австралии, 1963−2017
Донна Уильямс — художница, скульптор, певица, композитор, писательница и поэт. Она родилась в проблемной семье: ее отец страдал биполярным расстройством, а мать была алкоголичкой. В два года девочке поставили диагноз «невроз», заменив его позже на «психическое расстройство», и только в 27 лет у нее выявили аутизм.
В детстве Донна часто яростно потирала глаза, чтобы потерять себя в «ярких пятнах пушистого цвета», которые были для нее убежищем от «навязчивого бормотания» окружающего мира людей. К девяти годам в ней развились две субличности: мятежная, разрушительная и невоспитанная Уилли и добрая и вежливая Кэрол.
В 15 лет девушка ушла из дома, меняла работы и бойфрендов. Ей все же удалось закончить школу и получить степень бакалавра искусств в Университете Ла Троба в Мельбурне. Книга Донны «Никто нигде: удивительная автобиография аутичной девочки» стала бестселлером, вслед ней вышли «Кто-то где-то» и «Как цвет для слепого», также основанные на жизни писательницы. Кроме того, она выпустила два сборника поэзии и прозы, несколько пособий по обучению детей и подростков с аутизмом, записала два альбома, а также создала ряд удивительных картин и скульптур. В 53 года Донна умерла от рака.
Алан Гарднер
Английский садовник
Обладатель многочисленных престижных наград в области ландшафтного дизайна и герой программы «Синдром садовника» на телеканале TLC — носитель синдрома Аспергера. Алану было 15 лет, когда он полюбил цветы и начал многочисленные опыты в семейном саду. Алан пошел на работу в департамент парков при городском совете Бирмингема, а в 1986 году стал ландшафтным дизайнером. Сейчас Алан женат, у него трое детей.
Алан признается, что испытывает особую потребность ухаживать за растениями и бывать на открытом воздухе, сад делает его счастливым. Особое мироощущение, свойственное людям с синдромом Аспергера, в случае Алана проявилось внимательностью к мельчайшим деталям и способностью видеть неуловимую последовательность элементов живой природы и сочетать их. В новом сезоне программы «Синдром садовника» на TLC можно увидеть, как мастер ландшафтного дизайна, используя свое уникальное «спектральное» видение, создает изумительные и фантастические полотна из трав, цветов и других растений, преображает безликие дворы и земельные участки, а также развенчивает мифы об аутизме.
Смотрите программу «Синдром садовника» с 15 июля по воскресеньям в 14:00 на TLC.
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